Shih Tzu Rescue South Africa

The Shih Tzu — meaning "Lion Dog" in Mandarin — is a gentle, affectionate companion bred for centuries as a lap dog and palace favourite. In South Africa, they are among the most popular toy breeds. Their flowing coats, trusting eyes and even temperaments make them exceptional companions, but they do require consistent grooming care and some health awareness.

Breed Characteristics & Temperament

Shih Tzus are friendly, outgoing and trusting — sometimes described as having no strangers. Unlike some toy breeds, they are generally patient and gentle, which makes them a solid choice for households with older children or other calm pets.

They are moderately playful and enjoy short bursts of activity, but are primarily companion dogs who love nothing more than following their people around the house. They adapt well to apartment living and cope better with being left alone than some other toy breeds — though they still thrive with consistent human company.

Shih Tzus are moderately trainable. They respond well to positive reinforcement and are generally not stubborn in the way some other toy breeds can be. They are not working or sporting dogs — their role is companionship, and they excel at it.

Critical Health & Care Considerations

1. Grooming — The Primary Commitment

The Shih Tzu's double coat is its most distinctive feature — and its most demanding one. Without consistent grooming, the coat will mat rapidly, causing significant discomfort and skin problems.

• Daily Brushing Required: If keeping the coat long, daily brushing is non-negotiable. Pay particular attention to behind the ears, inside the legs, and under the belly where mats form fastest.
• Professional Grooming: Every 6 to 8 weeks. Many South African owners opt for a short "puppy cut" which significantly reduces daily maintenance.
• Topknot Care: Shih Tzus with longer facial hair need a topknot or trim to keep hair from irritating the eyes.
• Never Shave the Double Coat: Shaving permanently damages the insulating double coat, which protects the dog from both heat and cold.

2. Eye Care

Like all brachycephalic breeds, Shih Tzus have prominent eyes that are more exposed and vulnerable to injury than those of longer-nosed breeds.

• Daily Eye Cleaning: Gently clean the eye area daily to remove discharge and prevent tear staining.
• Corneal Ulcers: Facial hair in the eyes, dust, and foreign matter can cause corneal ulcers. Any redness, squinting, or discharge warrants immediate veterinary attention.
• Harness Not Collar: Shih Tzus should be walked on a harness to avoid neck pressure that can affect eye pressure and increase injury risk.

3. Respiratory Awareness

While Shih Tzus are technically brachycephalic, they tend to have less severe respiratory compromise than French Bulldogs or Pekingese. However, they can still struggle in extreme heat or during vigorous exercise.

• Heat: Do not exercise Shih Tzus in hot weather. Provide cool, shaded resting areas and access to fresh water at all times.
• Signs of overheating: Excessive panting, drooling, distress, or blue-tinged gums require immediate cooling and veterinary attention.

4. Dental Disease

Shih Tzus have small jaws and are highly prone to dental overcrowding and periodontal disease. Regular teeth brushing (daily if possible), dental treats, and annual professional dental scaling are important parts of their care regime.

5. Hip Dysplasia and Patella Luxation

Some Shih Tzus experience hip dysplasia or luxating patellas (kneecaps that slip out of position). Signs include intermittent skipping or hopping on a hind leg. This is manageable with proper veterinary guidance and in some cases, corrective surgery.